*A very small lower jaw is the commonest finding in Pierre Robin syndrome. But the growth of the mandible seems to normalize by the 5th year of life, it however gives a characteristic appearance called as "bird facies."
*The combination of a small lower jaw and the reverse tongue gives rise to acute breathing problems in a child because of airway blockage. Defects of the middle ear can lead to hearing loss. Speech defects are common in Pierre Robin syndrome because of the unusual higly placed poition of the tongue and the lower jaw.
HERE IS A LIST OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FACIES IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS :
1. Mask like facies = Parkinsonism.
2. Elfin facies = William's syndrome.
3. Moon facies = Cushing's syndrome.
4. Snarling facies = Myasthenia gravis.
5. Mitral facies = Mitral stenosis.
6. Ashen grey facies = Myocardial Infarction.
7. Mouse facies = Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)
8. Adenoid facies = Adenoid hypertrophy.
9. Leonine facies = Lepromatous leprosy .
10. Bird facies = Pierre Robin syndrome.
11. Mongoloid facies = Down's syndrome.
12. Coarse facies = Most of the inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) viz. the muco- polysaccharidoses (MPS), mucolipidoses (ML), fucosidoses mannosidoses, sialidoses, aspartylglycosaminuria, generalised gangliosidosis(GMl ) and Austin's variant of metachromatic leukodystrophy due to multiple sulfatase deficiency (MLD-MSD) have similar appearing facies.
13. Syphilitic facies = Congenital syphilis ( bull dog jaw)
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