Saturday, March 15, 2008

98 - test yourself - mcqs in medicine with answers and explanations - 901 to 1000

901 – the highest concentration of potassium is in ?

a- plasma

b- isotonic saline

c- ringer lactate

d- darrow’s solution .

answer is d . darrow’s solution . Darrow's solution - a mixture of potassium chloride, sodium chloride and sodium lactate; used in fluid therapy to repair a potassium deficit. also called lactated potassium saline injection.

902 – highest concentration of potassium is seen in ?

a- duodenum

b- jejunum

c- ileum

d- colon

answer : d . colon .

903 - colonic pseudo-obstruction occurs in all except ?

a- diabetes mellitus

b- dermatomyositis

c- scleroderma

d- hyperthyroidism

answer is d . hyperthyroidism . pseudo-obstruction occurs in hypothyroidism not hyperthyroidism .

904 - the commonest cause of intestinal obstructions in a 30 year old indian female ?

answer : post operative adhesions .

905 - commonest site of ischemic colitis ?

a- hepatic flexure

b- splenic flexure

c- transverse colon

d- sigmoid colon

answer is b. splenic flexure .

906 - the surgery of choice for biliary atresia ?

answer : kasai's operation .

907 - the most common facial abnormality in gardener's syndrome ?

answer : multiple osteomas .

908 - turcot's syndrome is associated with ?

a- duodenal polyps

b- familial adenomatous polyposis

c- brain tumors

d- villous adenoma

e- hyperplastic polyps

answer is b and c . familial adenomatous polyposis and brain tumors .

909 - ramu is a 60 year male with carcinoma of descending colon presents with acute intestinal obstruction . in emergency department treatment of choice is ?

answer : hartman's procedure . ( for right side colon obstructive lesion - resection with ileotransverse colostomy is done ) .

910 - the most common neoplasm of the kidney ?

answer : renal cell carcinoma .

911 - colopotomy is done to treat ?

a- ischeorectal abscess

b- pelvic abscess

c- appendicular abscess

d- perianal abscess

answer is b . pelvic abscess .

912 - ursodeoxycholic acid is a ?

a- urinary stone dissolving drug

b- thrombolytic drug

c- gallstone dissolving drug

d- antifibrinolytic

answer is c . gallstone dissolving drug .

913 - aspirin sensitive asthma is associated with ?

a- extrinsic asthma

b- urticaria

c- nasal polyps

d- obesity

answer is c . nasal polyps .

914 – most common signof aspiration pneumonitis ?

a- tachypnoea

b- bronchospasm

c- cyanosis

d- crepitations

answer : a . tachypnoea .

915 – most common clinical sign of pulmonary embolism ?

answer : tachypnoea .

916 – a 60 year old man presented to the emergency with breathlessness ,facial swelling and dilated veins on the chest wall . the most common cause is ?

a- thymoma

b- lung cancer

c- hodgkin’s lymphoma

d- superior venacaval obstruction

answer : d . superior venacaval obstruction .

917 – most common cause of superior venacaval obstruction ?

a- thrombosis

b- extrinsic compression

c- mediastinal lymphoma

d- teratoma

answer is b . extrinsic compression .

918 – sleep apnoea is defined as a temporary pause in breathing during sleep lasting at least how many seconds ?

answer : 10 seconds .

919 – the following are located in the anterior mediastinum except ?

a- thymoma .

b- neurofibroma

c- neurogenic parasitic cyst

d- teratoma

answer is b. neurofibroma .

920 – X – bodies called birbeck granules are characteristically seen in ?

answer : langerhan’s cell granulomatosis .

921 – in kartagener’s syndrome all are seen except ?

a- cystic fibrosis

b- dextrocardia

c- sinusitis

d- absence of cilia

answer is a .

922 – electrical alterans is seen in ?

a- cardiac tamponade

b- restrictive cardiomyopathy

c- left atrial myxoma

d- COPD

answer is a .

923 – live vaccines should not be given with in 3 months of giving IV immunoglobulin . exception to this rule is ?

answer : OPV .

924 – vaccines with good herd immunity ?

answer : tetanus and BCG .

925 – vaccines with no herd immunity ?

answer : OPV and measles .

926 – the metabolic derangement in congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ?

answer - hypochloremic alkalosis .

927 - early hematogenous seedling to tuberculous bacilli in the apex of the lungs is called?

answer : simon’s focus .

928 – crawling of an infant is at ?

answer : 9 to 10 months .

929 – the international agency supporting the no-scalpel vasectomy in India is ?

answer : UNFPA .

930 – which one of the following is not an combined injectable contraceptive ?

a- cyclofem

b- cycloprovera

c- depot provera

d- mesigyna

answer is c . depot provera .

931 – the MTP act allows the termination of pregnancy till how many weeks ?

answer : 20 weeks .

932 – the minimum number of three antenatal visits recommended by RCH programme is at ?

answer : 20 weeks , 32 weeks , 36 weeks .

933 – preterm babies are born before how many weeks of gestation ?

answer : before 37 weeks of gestation .

934 – mini pill or micro pill contains ?

a- progesterone

b- oestrogen

c- both progesterone and oestrogen

d- gossypol

e- non-steroidal and non-estrogenic components

answer is a . progesterone .

935 – the failure rate of male condom is ?

answer : 2-20 / 100 women years .

936 – the failure rate of IUCD ?

answer : 2-3 / 100 women years .

937 – the faiure rate of female condom?

Answer : 5-21 / 100 women years . ( combined type of OCPs are 100 % effective in preventing pregnancy )

938 – which one of the following is an example of a second generation IUCD ?

a- NOVA T

b- condom

c- lippes loop

d- LNG 20

e- progestasert

answer is Nova T . d and e belong to third generation IUCDs.

939 – isochromosomes – structurally abnormal chromosomes arising because of misdivision .

940 – the ESI act covers manual , supervisory , clerical and technical employees upto how many rupees per month ?

answer : 1000 per month .

941 – what is the minimum cubic feet of space for each worker prescribed under factories act ?

answer : 500 cubic feet .

942 – which one of the following method of communication is not a method of mass approach ?

a- internet

b- poster

c- role play

d- exhibition

answer is c . role play .

943 – nosocomial pneumonia is most commonly caused by ?

a- gram negative bacilli

b- gram positive bacilli

c- gram negative cocci

d- mycoplasma

answer is a . gram negative bacilli .

944 – bronchiectasis is most common in which lobe ?

answer : left lower - bronchiectasis - lobe .

945 – a drug is to be delivered by a nebuliser . the size of a droplet for its humidification is ?

answer : less than 5 microns .

946 – feature of torsades de pointes is ?

answer : prolonged QT c interval ( marked QT prolongation ) .

947 – radiofrequency ablation is done for ?

a- ventricular tachycardia

b- PSVT

c- WPW

d- atrial tachycardia

answer is c . wolf Parkinson white syndrome – radiofrequency ablation .

948 – low doses of aspirin therapy is essentially advised for all of the following conditions except ?

a- SLE

b- post myocardial infarction

c- pre eclampsia

d- IUGR

answer is a . though NSAIDs are useful no rationale , so here it is the single best answer of exclusion .

949 – a 30 year old catherine zeta jones presents with light brown lesions involving both her cheeks . the lesions had never been erythematous . which of the following is the most probable diagnosis ?

answer : chloasma .

950 – a female developed brown macule on the cheek , forehead and nose after exposure to light following delivery of the baby , the diagnosis is ?

answer : chloasma .

951 – which one of the following is not used as a tumor marker in testicular tumors ?

a- HCG

b- AFP

c- LDH

d- CEA

answer is d . CEA .

952 – hepar lobatum is due to ?

answer : syphilis . The liver in syphilitic cirrhosis, having a nodular lobulated appearance. a fissured liver, from the scars of healed syphilitic gummas.

953 – match virus with the disease ?

a- EBV - nasopharyngeal carcinoma

b- HTLV 1 - leukemia

c- HCV - Hepatocellular carcinoma

d- HPV - cervical carcinoma

answer : all are correctly matched .

954 – what is choristoma ?

answer : normal tissue in abnormal site .

955 – which of the following is not associated with malignancy ?

a- fragile x syndrome

b- fanconi’s syndrome

c- down’s syndrome

d- bloom syndrome

answer is a . fragile x syndrome is not associated with malignancy .

956 - a 2 cms firm mass is palpable beneath the skin of the left forearm in a 27 year old female. She is in excellent health . the mass is most suggestive of ?

a- metastatic carcinoma

b- mycobacterial granuloma

c- sarcoma

d- lipoma

e- staphylococcal abscess

answer is d . lipoma .

957 – cell division in malignant neoplasms , but not in normal cells , is aided by the presence of an enzyme which repairs progressive chromosomal shortening .this enzyme is known as ?

answer : topoisomerase .

958 – the most abundant glycoprotein present in the basement membrane ?

answer : laminin .

959 – triple helix structure is seen in ?

answer : collagen .

960 – of the following substances , the one that functions intracellularly in cells involved in wound healing is ?

a- fibronectin

b- laminin

c- tyrosine kinase

d- hyaluronic acid

e- collagen

answer is c . tyrosine kinase .

961 – keloid scars are made up of ?

answer : dense collagen .

962 – the appearance of red, swollen nasal mucosa from allergy to ragweed pollen has been mediated by ?

a- complement c3b

b- PAF

c- TNF

d- Histamine

e- Immunoglobulin G

Answer is d . histamine .

963 – A 50 year old male presented with epigastric pain . endoscopic biopsy reveals a tumor made up of spindle shaped cells . this is likely to be associated with ?

a- t ( 11 = 18 ) translocation

b- c KIT mutations

c- E – cadherin expression

d- ECL cell hyperplasia

Answer is a . t ( 11 = 18 ) translocation – gastric lymphoma .

Option b – c KIT mutations & PDGFR mutations – gastrointestinal stromal cell tumor .

Option c – E – cadherin expression – gastric adenocarcinoma .

Option d – ECL ( enterochromaffin like cell ) hyperplasia – gastric carcionoids .

964 – the most common outcome of pulmonary thromboembolism is ?

a- sudden death

b- corpulmonale

c- hemoptysis

d- dyspnea

e- no symptoms

answer is e . surprised ? even I am too .

965 – over several decades , which of the following inhaled pollutants is most likely to produce extensive pulmonary fibrosis ?

a- silica

b- tobacco smoke

c- ozone

d- wood dust

e- carbondioxide

answer is a . silica .

966 – in alcoholic liver disease , the following keratin filaments are seen ?

answer : Mallory bodies .

967 – the most common lysosomal storage disorder is ?

a- gaucher’s disease

b- taysach’s disease

c- wolman disease

d- niemann pick’s disease

answer is a . gaucher’s disease .

968 – C-X-C is an example of ?

answer : lipoxin .

969 – major opsonins include ?

a- Ig G antibodies

b- C3b

c- MBL – mannose binding lectin

d- All the above

Answer is d . all the above .

970 – the following are tumor suppressor genes ?

a- RB

b- BRCA 1

c- NF1

d- All the above

Answer is d . all the above .

971 – fatty change in the liver is due to the accumulation of ?

a- cholesterol

b- VLDL

c- LDL

d- Triglycerides

Answer is d . triglycerides .

972 – colonic bacteria , on digestion of dietary fibres would give ?

a- free radicals

b- glycerol

c- butyrate

d- sucrose

answer is c . butyrates .

973 – when NaCl is injected in the internal carotid artery , it causes release of ADH by acting on ?

answer : supraoptic nucleus .

974 – the dose of which of the following anti-tubercular drugs need not be adjusted in renal failure ?

a- rifampicin

b- INH

c- Ethambutol

d- Pyrazinamide

Answer is a . rifampicin . other drugs which need not be adjusted in renal failure are rifabutin and rifapentine .

975 – anti-tubercular drugs which need not be adjusted in hepatic failure ?

Answer : SREE – streptomycin , rifabutin and ethambutol .

976 – in a population of pregnant female , Hb is estimated on 100 women with standard deviation of 1 gm % . the standard error is ?

answer : standard error = standard deviation / root of number of observations . so it is 1 / root 100 = 1/10 = 0.1 . so the standard error is 0.1 .

977 – the median of values 2, 5, 7 , 10, 10, 13, 25 ?

answer is 10 . all the values are arranged in either the ascending or descending order and the centre or middle value is taken .

978 – burden of the disease is best detected by ?

answer : DALY ( disability adjusted life years ) .

979 – in ICDS the requirement in pregnant females is ?

answer : 500 cal and 25 gm protein . children less than one year – 200 cal and 8 – 10 gm protein . children ( 1 – 6 years ) – 300 cal and 15 gm protein .

980 – according to WHO criteria , anemia in infants of 6 months age is defined as Hb less than ?

answer : 110 gm/litre .

6 m to 6 years - 11 gm / dl .

6 yrs to 14 years – 12 gm/dl .

adult male – 13 gm / dl .

adult female – 12 gm/dl

adult female pregnant – 11 gm/dl .

981 – on complete hydrolysis of DNA , we will get all of the following except ?

a- adenosine

b- purine bases

c- phosphoric acid

d- deoxy pentose sugar

answer is a . adenosine will also be hydrolysed to adenine and ribose .

982 – greisinger sign is seen in ?

a- bezold abscess

b- lateral sinus thrombosis

c- acute mastoiditis

d- citelli’s abscess

answer is b . lateral sinus thrombosis .

983 – tobey ayer test Is positive in ?

answer : lateral sinus thrombosis .

984 – acoustic neuroma arises usually from ?

answer : superior vestibular nerve .

985 – McEwans triangle corresponds to ?

a- mastoid tip

b- cochlea

c- mastoid antrum

d- all the above

answer is c . mastoid antrum .

986 – dark blue tympanic membrane is seen in ?

a- cholesteatoma

b- granulation tissue

c- cholesterol granuloma

d- all the above

answer is cholesterol granuloma .

987 – common operation for meniere’s disease ?

answer : decompression of endolymphatic sac .

988 – myringoplasty is plastic repair of ?

answer : tympanic membrane .

989 – positive fistula test in the presence of intact tympanic membrane ( henneberl’s sign ) is seen in ?

answer : congenital syphilis .

990 – butterfly chart helps in finding anamolies of ?

answer : vestibular dysfunction .

991 – ototoxic drug is ?

a- gentamicin

b- kanamycin

c- metronidazole

d- pencillin

answer is b . kanamycin .

992 – otomycosis is commonly caused by ?

answer : aspergillus .

993 – earliest symptom of acoustic neuroma ?

answer : deafness .

994 – dangerous type of ear refers to ?

a- attic granulation

b- central perforation

c- marginal perforation

d- multiple perforation

answer is a . attic granulation .

995 – grommet tube is used in ?

answer : glue ear .

996 – genetic disorder of deafness developing after birth are all except ?

a- alport syndrome

b- refsum’s disease

c- cogan’s syndrome

d- usher’s syndrome

answer is d . usher’s syndrome – autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa with progressive sensorineural loss . congenital deafness . then how can usher’s syndrome be the answer . have to think again .

997 – structure not visualized in posterior rhinoscopy ?

a- superior turbinate

b- middle turbinate

c- inferior turbinate

d- Eustachian tube

Answer : a . superior turbinate .

998 – a 12 year old child with recurrent antrochoanal polyp . the treatment of choice is ?

answer : endoscopic nasal polypectomy .

999 – the commonest presentation of carcinoma nasopharynx ?

answer : posterior triangle lymph nodal metastasis .

1000 – Eustachian tube opens into the nasopharynx approximately 1 cm behind the ?

answer : posterior end of the inferior turbinate .

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