701 - glutathione is a tripeptide comprising of ?
answer : glutamic acid , cysteine and glycine .
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702 - pinta is caused by ?
answer : treponema cerateum .
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703 - pneumococcus : capsulated , gram positive , quellung or neufeld reaction , draughtsman concentric rings on culture , non-motile and oxidase and catalase negative .
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704 - liver transplantation was first done by ?
answer : starzl .
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705 - most important HLA for organ transplantation and tissue typing ?
answer : HLA-D .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
706 - HLA matching is not necessary in which of the following organ transplantation ?
answer : liver transplantation .
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707 - vitamin C deficiency causes deficiency of which enzyme ?
answer : proline hydroxylase .
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708 - the couinaud's segmental nomenclature is based on the position of ?
answer : hepatic veins and portal vein .
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709 - post gonococcal stricture urethra is most commonly situated in the ?
answer : bulbar urethra .
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710 - reimplantation time for lower limb ?
answer : 8 hours .
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711 - after oesophagectomy the best substitute of oesophagus is ?
answer : stomach .
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712 - best and definitive diagnosis for breast lump ?
answer : open biopsy ( excision biopsy ).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
713 - first diagnostic procedure when the patient presents with lump is ?
answer : FNAC .
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714 - most malignant type of carcinoma breast ?
answer : mastitis carcinomatosa .
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715 - flap commonly used in breast reconstruction is ?
answer : TRAM .
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716 - spleniculi are accesory spleens , they are seen in ?
answer : hilum .
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717 - splenosis means ?
answer : rupture of spleen and distribution of its tissue on peritoneum .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
718 - spleen contains about how much percentage of the total blood volume ?
answer : 2 % .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
719 - removal of senescent RBC from the circulation by spleen is called ?
answer : culling .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
720 - triad of hypernephroma ?
answer : pain , hematuria and renal mass .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
721 - gredinogo's triad ( petrositis ) ?
answer : persistent ear discharge , retroorbital pain and 6th nerve palsy .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
722 - triad of behcet's syndrome ?
answer : recurrent oral ulcers , genital ulcers , iridocyclitis ( + skin ulcers make a tetrad ) .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
723 - triad of kwashiorkor ?
answer : oedema , growth retardation and mental changes ( apathy , listlessness , lethargy ) .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
724 - gold standard diagnostic test for varicose veins ?
answer : duplex imaging .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
725 - NNRTI s - DEN - delaviridine , efavirenz , nevirapine .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
726 - Neuritic Plaques - seen in Alzheimer's.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
727 - Coarse azurophilic granules in the leuko - seen in ALDER - REILLY SYNDRome .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
728 - Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation is pathognomic for Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell count).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
729 - Rouleaux Formation is pathognomic for multiple myeloma RBC's stacked as poker chips.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
730 - Podagra is pathognomic for gout (MP joint of hallux).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
731 - Wire
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
732 - Chancre is pathognomic for primary Syphilis.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
733 - Gower's Maneuver is pathognomic for Duchenne's MD use of arms to stand.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
734 - S3 Heart Sound is pathognomic for L®R Shunt (VSD PDA) & Mitral Regurg &
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
735 - Depigmentation Of Substantia Nigra is pathognomic for Parkinson's.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
736 - Cold Agglutinins is pathognomic for Mycoplasma pneumoniae & infectious mononucleosis.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
737 - Crescents In Bowman's Capsule is pathognomic for rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
738 - Painless Jaundice is pathognomic for pancreatic CA (head).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
739 - Erythema Chronicum Migrans is pathognomic for Lyme Disease .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
740 - Basophilic Stippling of RBCs is pathognomic for lead poisoning .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
741 - Thyroidization of Kidney is pathognomic for chronic pyelonephritis .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
742 - Tendinous Xanthomas is pathognomic for Familial Hypercholesterolemia .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
743 - S4 Heart Sound is pathognomic for Pulmonary Stenosis & Pulmonary HTN.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
744 - cleft lip is due to nonfusion of - maxillary process with the medial nasal process .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
745 - unilateral cleft lip is associated with - posterior displacement of alar cartilage .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
746 - most frequently fractured bone of the face ?
answer : nasal bone . then comes the zygomatic bone in the second place .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
747 - fracture mandible with edentulous jaw is best treated by ?
answer : external fixator .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
748 - common organism giving rise to UTI ?
answer : e coli .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
749 - acute urinary retention in a male child may be due to ?
answer : meatal ulcer with scabbing.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
750 - urinary cytology is a useful screening test for the diagnosis of ?
a- renal cell carcinoma
b- wilm's tumor
c- urothelial carcinoma
d- carcinoma prostate
answer is c . urothelial carcinoma .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
751 - low and fixed specific gravity of urine is seen in ?
answer : chronic renal failure .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
752 - on exertion urine stream increases in ?
answer : urethral stricture .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
753 - UTI exists when the bacterial count in 1 ml of midstream specimen of urine is ?
answer : 10 to the power of 5 or more . ( 100000 or more - 1 lakh or more ) .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
754 - site of transplantation in islet cell transplant for diabetes mellitus ?
answer : injected into the portal vein .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
755 - which of the following present as acute abdomen ?
a- acute intermittent porphyria
b- tabes
c- pneumonitis of the lower lobe
d- all
answer is d . all the above .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
756 - most common neoplasm of the appendix ?
answer : argentaffinoma ( carcinoid tumor ).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
757 - the most common site of enlargement of lymphnodes in hodgkin's lymphoma is ?
answer : mediastinal nodes .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
758 - treatment of acute lymphangitis ?
answer : antibiotics and rest .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
759 - total dose of radiation in hodgkins disease ?
answer : 3000 to 5000 rad ( 40 gy = 4000 rad ) .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
760 - most common site of lymphangiosarcoma ?
answer : post mastectomy edema of arm .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
761 - grade 1 lymphedema - edema disappearing after overnight rest ( pitting edema that disappears after lying down or rest )
grade 2 lymphedema - non pitting edema which does not disappear easily .
grade 3 lymphedema - lymphedema associated with irriversible skin changes like fibrosis and papillae .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
762 - most common infection after splenectomy ?
answer : streptococcal infection . ( mostly streptococcus pneumoniae )
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
763 - most common complication after splenectomy is ?
answer : chest infection .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
764 - post splenectomy sepsis is common in ?
a- ITP
b- thalassemia
c- hereditary spherocytosis
d- trauma
answer is a , b , c .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
765 - the most important radiological sign of splenic rupture is ?
answer : obliteration of splenic shadow .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
766 - accidental small splenic rupture is treated with ?
answer : catgut suturing with omental patch .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
767 - splenic vein thrombosis is best treated by?
answer : splenectomy .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
768 - the rule of nine in the case of burns was first introduced by ?
answer : palaski and tennison and later modified by alexander wallace .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
769 - IV fluids rule for burns ?
answer : percentage of body surface area burnt X weight of the person in kgs X 4 = VOLUME IN ml . parkland formula .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
770 - fibroblast in healing wound is derived from ?
answer : local mesenchyme .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
771 - the vitamin which has inhibitory effect on wound healing ?
answer : vitamin E .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
772 - parathyroid adenoma most commonly involves which of the following site ?
a- thyroid substance
b- superior parathyroid lobe
c- inferior parathyroid lobe
d- in the mediastinum
answer is c . inferior parathyroid lobe .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
773 - most common cause of hypercalcemic crisis is ?
a- parathyroid adenoma
b- parathyroid hyperplasia
c- carcinoma breast
d- paget's disease
answer is c . carcinoma breast .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
774 - opsoclonus - myoclonus is a phenomenon seen in ?
a- neuroblastoma
b- wilms tumor
c- meningioma
d- cortical tuberculoma
answer is a . neuroblastoma .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
775 - extraperitoneal rupture of urinary bladder - where is urine collected ?
answer : above urogenital diaphragm in the perivesical space .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
776 - nerve which lies in association with the wharton's duct ?
answer : lingual nerve .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
779 - pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumor of the parotid , submandibular and the sublingual salivary glands .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
780 - the most common tumor of the minor salivary glands ?
answer : adenoid cystic carcinoma followed by the mucoepidermoid carcinoma .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
781 - most common duct stones - submandibular gland .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
782 - in prostatic metastasis - the nodes which are most commonly involved ?
answer : obturator nodes .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
783 - which of the following is the most troublesome source of bleeding during a radical retropubic prostatectomy ?
answer : dorsal venous complex .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
784 - " sterile needle test " helps in differentiating ?
a- depth of burns
b- healing process
c- degenerative process
d- infection
answer is a . depth .
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
785 - gasless abdomen in X ray is a sign of ?
answer : acute pancreatitis .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
786 - BCL 1 gene - mantle cell lymphoma
BCL 2 gene - follicular lymphoma .
MEN 1 gene - MEN 1 syndrome .
RET gene - MEN 2 syndrome .
MET gene - papillary renal tumor.
APC gene - familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome .
RB1 gene - retinoblastoma .
HPC 1 - hereditary prostate cancer .
EXT 1 and EXT 2 - exostosis - chondrosarcoma - hereditary multiple exostosis .
BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 - breast , ovarian , colon and prostate cancers - hereditary breast ovarian cancer .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
787 - in the acronym " swelling " used for history and examination of a lump or swelling , the letter N stands for ?
answer : noise ( thrill / bruit ) .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
788 - in triage yellow means - neither minor nor immediate category .
in triage green means - ambulatory patients / minor .
black - dead / non salvageable
red - immediate .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
789 - precancerous lesions of the larynx are?
answer : keratosis laryngis and pachyderma laryngis .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
790 - which of the following does not move on deglutition?
a- sublingual dermoid
b- thyroid nodule
c- pretracheal lymphnode
d- thyroglossal cyst
answer is a . sublingual dermoid .
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791 - secondaries in neck with no obvious primary malignancy is most often due to ?
a- carcinoma stomach
b- carcinoma larynx
c- carcinoma nasopharynx
d- carcinoma thyroid
answer is c . carcinoma nasopharynx .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
792 - the most common site of the internal opening of the branchial fistula is at the ?
answer : tonsillar fossa .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
793 - radical dissection of the neck includes all except ?
a- cervical lymph nodes
b- sternocleidomastoid
c- phrenic nerves
d- internal jugular veins
answer is c . phrenic nerves .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
794 - regarding cervical rib , which statement is correct ?
a- it causes pressure on the ulnar nerve.
b- pain is located in the forearm.
c- it always connects to the scalene tubercle by a fibrous band.
d- it passes through the apex of the supraclavicular triangle
answer is a and b .
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
795 - which of the parts of the body is not affected by leprosy ?
answer : ovary .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
796 - in AIDS, lymphadenopathy is most often due to ?
a- TB
b- lymphoma
c- non specific enlargement of lymph node
d- kaposi sarcoma
answer is c .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
797 - multiple fistula in ano - commonly occurs in ?
a- TB
b- LGV
c- gonococcal protocolitis
d- colloid carcinoma of rectum .
answer is a and b .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
798 - erysipelas is caused by ?
answer : streptococcus pyogenes .
-------------------------------------------------------------------
799 - most common type of oral carcinoma ?
answer : Lip .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
800 - which of the following causes the least irritation of the peritoneal cavity ?
a- bile
b- blood
c- gastric enzyme
d- pancreatic enzyme
answer is b . blood .
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